1927/28 • 1928/29 * Indicates that the film/performance was not nominated for an Academy Award in this category
1927/28
Wings Actor: Emil Jannings
(The Last Command/The Way of All Flesh) Actress: Janet Gaynor
(Sunrise/Seventh Heaven/Street Angel) Director: Frank Borzage (Seventh Heaven) Comedy Director: Lewis Milestone (Two Arabian Knights)
Sunrise* Actor: Lon Chaney
(London After Midnight/Laugh, Clown Laugh)*
Actress: Janet Gaynor
(Sunrise/Seventh Heaven/Street Angel)
Supporting Actor: Lionel Barrymore (Sadie Thompson)* Supporting Actress: Louise Brooks (A Girl in Every
Port)* Director: F. W. Murnau (Sunrise)* Comedy Director: Ted Wilde (Speedy)
There
were actually two Best Picture Oscars handed out in the first year
of the Academy's existence, with the traditional Best Picture Award
(awarded to "the most outstanding motion picture considering
all elements that contribute to a picture's greatness") to
William Wellman's Wings, and the "Artistic Quality of
Production" Award (given to "the Producing Company, or
Producer who produced the most artistic, unique and/or original
motion picture without reference to its cost or magnitude') to F.
W. Murnau's Sunrise, pretentiously subtitled "A Song
of Two Humans." But its subtitle is the only pretentious thing
about this unforgettable tale of betrayal and reconciliation, one
of the most poetically beautiful films ever made. The Artistic Quality
of Production Award was discontinued after the first year because
it seemed indistinguishable from the Best Picture Award, with King'
Vidor's gritty classic The Crowd and the forgotten pseudo-documentary
Chang joining Sunrise as the only films ever nominated
in this category. In this first year when the awards were decided
by small committees, the Board of Governors were intent on giving
the award to The Crowd, but MGM head and Academy founder
Louis B. Mayer argued into the early morning to give the award to
Sunrise.
Wings,
with its still impressive aerial photography and gripping storyline
remains a highly enjoyable film and a creditable choice for the
first Best Picture Oscar (the other nominees were The Last Command,
The Racket, Seventh Heaven and the now-lost The Way of All
Flesh, starting a long-cherished Academy tradition of ignoring
comedies for its top prize), although it lacks the timelessness
and dramatic resonance of Sunrise. Viewed today, the latter
film seems the greater artistic achievement.
Worst Award
Charles
Chaplin received a Special Oscar for "versatility
and genius in writing, acting, directing and producing The Circus,"
a last-minute decision by the Academy to bypass Le Charlot in the
balloting for Best Actor and Best Comedy Direction (the Academy
has since erased Chaplin's nominations in those categories from
its official roll of honor because the presentation of the honorary
award took him out of the running in the final voting for the competitive
statuettes). Chaplin is unquestionably the greatest artist in the
history of the cinema and (in the opinion of madbeast.com) still
its biggest star, but he was going through a bitter and painful
divorce during the filming of The Circus and as a result
turned out by far the weakest of his silent features (although it
is still a highly enjoyable film by anyone else's standards). The
Little Tramp certainly deserved such an award, but it seems regrettable
that he didn't receive it for the masterpieces City Lights
or Modern Times (neither of which received a single nomination).
Ironically, Chaplin's rival Harold Lloyd delivered a stronger and
more popular film in Speedy (which was nominated for Best
Comedy Direction, losing to Two Arabian Knights), but since
he eschewed the Tramp's heartbreakingly sentimental dramatic edges
in favor of straightforward comedy, he wasn't placed on the same
artistic level by the Academy. In truth, Lloyd's talents generally
weren't on the same level as Chaplin's, but he did show more versatility
and genius in the first year of the Oscars than Chaplin did with
The Circus. Of course it's reasonable to assume that the
Academy really meant Chaplin's Oscar more as the first lifetime
achievement award than to suggest that he surpassed his personal
best with his The Circus, but it wasn't until 1935(with
an honorary Oscar to D.W. Griffith)that they came up with
the idea of handing out statuettes for career achievement.
Lloyd ultimately won an official lifetime achievement Oscar
at the 1953 award ceremony and due to political controversies, Chaplin
had to wait almost twenty years later for his. Of course, when Chaplin
did receive his lifetime achievement Oscar in 1972, his appearance
was hailed as one of the most memorable and emotional in the history
of the Academy Awards.
Biggest Oversight
In
the only year of Oscar history devoted exclusively to silent films
(with the exception of a special award to The Jazz Singer),
the Academy nominated two of the greatest actors of that era in
the Best Actor category. Charles Chaplin was nominated for The
Circus (although this nomination has since been stricken from
the Academy's official history), and Emil Jannings (who many considered
the greatest dramatic actor of the silent era after his performances
in such classics as Variety and The Last Laugh before
he aligned himself tragically with the Nazis) won the award for
The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. The third
slot was taken up by Richard Barthelmess (best remembered for playing
the male lead in D.W. Griffith's Way Down East) in The
Noose and The Patent Leather Kid. That nomination should
have gone to the man whom madbeast.com considers to be second only
to Chaplin as not only the greatest actor of the silent era, but
in the history of the cinema: Lon Chaney. Chaney delivered
two performances eligible for the first Academy Award: the smash
hit Laugh Clown, Laugh (in which he played one of his gallery
of older clowns in love with a much younger woman) and in the now
lost London After Midnight (surviving still pictures of which
indicate one of his most chilling and charismatic performances).
Broadway Melody Actor: Warner Baxter (In Old Arizona)
Actress: Mary Pickford(Coquette)
Director: Frank Lloyd
(The Divine Lady, Weary River, Drag)
The Wind* Actor: Emil Jannings (The Patriot)* Actress: Maria Falconetti(The Passion of Joan of Arc)*
Supporting Actor: Lewis Stone (The Patriot)
Supporting Actress: Olga Baclanova
(The Docks of New York)*
Director: Victor Sjöström (The Wind)
All
hell broke loose in the second year of the Academy's existence,
when the coming of sound (introduced with the previous year's The
Jazz Singer) made even the most perceptive of critics confuse
novelty with quality. In the end novelty won, with MGM's first attempt
at a big budget musical Broadway Melody winning the Oscar
despite a hackneyed storyline and crude production values. Ironically,
the only Best Picture nominee that continues to be highly regarded
is the lone silent film to be nominated: Ernst Lubitsch's The
Patriot (this despite the fact that the film is lost, which
is always a convenient plus for a film's reputation). But of all
the films made in the 1928/29 period, the most impressive by far
were Buster Keaton's The Cameraman (beginning his ultimately
disastrous association with MGM) and Steamboat Bill, Jr.
(with its justly celebrated scene of the side of a house falling
on top of the great Stone Face) and Lillian Gish's last great silent
masterpiece The Wind. Both Keaton films are marvelous (especially
The Cameraman, which is one of the most perfectly constructed
comedies ever made), but the picture of the year was Victor Sjöström's
feminist drama which featured one of the great Gish's finest performance
in her final silent film. Featuring equally fine work by Lars Hanson
(who returned to Sweden after the advent of talkies, becoming one of the greatest stage actors and creating the role of James Tyrone in the 1956 world premiere of Long Day's Journey Into Night), The
Wind was sadly overlooked as the public clamored for talkies
despite delivering an animated intensity that stilted early sound
films couldn't think of emulating. Gish's character being enveloped
by the unforgiving wind was a metaphor for the status of the great
actress' career as well, as she was perceived as old hat as silent
films went out of fashion (despite being only 35 in 1928). She appeared
in films only sporadically after The Wind, concentrating
on television and the stage (where she contributed a legendary performance
as Ophelia opposite John Gielgud's Hamlet in 1936). But her performance
in The Wind is one of the greatest achievements by one of
the movies' greatest talents. She received her only nomination in 1946, for Best Supporting
Actress for Duel in the Sun. But she gave perhaps the finest
performance of her career in this masterpiece - which failed to be
nominated in any category - and is matched by the remarkable work
of Swedish actor Lars Hanson as her husband, and her snub seems more
and more peculiar over the passage of time. The film was a box office
failure when it came out and
Biggest Oversight
There
were a number of surprising oversights in this strange year: the failure
of Steamboat Bill, Jr. or The Cameraman to receive even
a single nomination signaled the beginning of the Academy's long patronizing
stand towards the art of comedy, and the failure of Emil Jannings to
be nominated for what many contemporary audiences considered his greatest performance in
the now-lost The Patriot in favor of supporting player Lewis
Stone is simply confusing. Even with all these snubs, the staff of madbeast.com would love nothing more than to make this the year that Lillian Gish received her richly deserved moment in the awards spotlight for her superb performance in The Wind. But just like the Academy passed herover in what should have been the high point of her storied career, providence also threw a monkey wrench in her Hindsight Awards chances by offering up Maria Falconetti in The Passion of Joan of Arc, considered by many to be the greatest single achievement in the history of motion picture acting. No actress in any medium has come remotely close to capturing the range of feeling and spiritual depth in playing Joan of Arc that Falconetti achieved in this extraordinary masterpiece, and while its limited release and lack of Hollywood caché makes its omission from the Oscar race easily more understandable than that of Gish's superb work, posterity is less forgiving and the selection of anyone but the sublime Falconetti for this honor in unthinkable.
Worst Award
Mary
Pickford became infamous in Oscar circles
for wooing the Academy governors' favor for her high school-caliber
performance in Coquette with tea parties at her Pickfair mansion.
Pickford was desperate to change her little girl image, so she famously
cut off her blonde curls for this adaptation of a Broadway stage success
and gave her all to the role of a flirtatious young southern woman
who has to take the witness stand to defend her father's murder of
her lover. But Pickford's 'all' was nothing more than striking silly
poses and hopelessly doing a weak masquerade of a role she clearly
had no connection with. The final result is actually madly entertaining
- a laughable fiasco that is rivaled by Pickford's horrendous attempt
at Shakespeare with Taming of the Shrew (both films were directed
by Samuel Taylor, who made some of Harold Lloyd's most delightful
silents but then appeared to lose all his talent when sound arrived).
With Maria Falconetti and Lillian Gish out of the running, the award should have
gone to the nominated Jeanne Eagels (the first posthumous nominee)
for The Letter. Pickford is certainly one of the greatest movie
stars of all time, but her Oscar victory for Coquette is reminiscent
of the Golden Globes giving an award to Pia Zadora and can be reasonably
regarded as the worst selection for Best Actress in Academy Award
history.
BEST PICTURE *Sunrise The Crowd The Last Command Speedy Wings
DRAMATIC DIRECTION *FW Murnau for Sunrise
Fritz Lang for Metropolis
Josef von Sternberg for The Last Command
King Vidor for The Crowd
William Wellman for Wings
COMEDY DIRECTION *Ted Wilde for Speedy
Charles Chaplin for The Circus
James W. Horne for College
Ernst Lubitsch for The Student Prince in Old Heidelberg
Lewis Milestone for Two Arabian Knights
BEST ACTOR *Lon Chaney in London After Midnight and Laugh, Clown, Laugh
Charles Chaplin in The Circus
Harold Lloyd in Speedy
Emil Jannings in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh
Conrad Veidt in The Man Who Laughs
BEST ACTRESS *Janet Gaynor in Sunrise, Seventh Heaven and Street Angel
Eleanor Boardman in The Crowd
Greta Garbo in Love
Norma Shearer in The Latest from Paris and The Student Prince in Old Heidelberg
Glora Swanson in Sadie Thompson
BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR *Lionel Barrymore in Sadie Thompsom
Clive Brook in Underworld
Jean Hersholt in The Student Prince in Old Heidelberg
William Powell in The Last Command
Louis Wolheim in Two Arabian Knights
BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS *Louise Brooks in A Girl in Every Port
Brigitte Helm in Metropolis
Evelyn Brent in Underworld
Molly O'Day in The Patent Leather Kid
Loretta Young in Laugh, Clown, Laugh
BEST PICTURE *The Wind The Cameraman Napoleon The Passion of Joan of Arc The Patriot
BEST DIRECTOR *Victor Sjöström for The Wind
Abel Gance for Napoleon
Carl Theodor Dreyer for The Passion of Joan of Arc
Charles Reisner for Steamboat Bill, Jr.
Edward Sedgwick for The Cameraman
BEST ACTOR *Emil Jannings in The Patriot
Warner Baxter in In Old Arizona
Lon Chaney in West of Zanzibar
Buster Keaton in The Cameraman
Paul Muni in The Valiant
BEST ACTRESS *Marie Falconetti in The Passion of Joan of Arc
Jeanne Eagels in The Letter
Greta Garbo in The Mysterious Lady
Lillian Gish in The Wind
Corinne Griffith in The Divine Lady
BEST SUPPORTING ACTOR *Lewis Stone in The Patriot
Warner Baxter in West of Zanzibar
Mantagu Love in The Wind
Conrad Nagel in The Mysterious Lady
Eugene Silvain in The Passion of Joan of Arc
Regis Toomey in Alibi
BEST SUPPORTING ACTRESS *Olga Baclanova in The Docks of New York
Marguerite Churchill in The Valiant
Betty Compson in The Barker
Marie Dressler in The Divine Lady
Kay Johnson in Dynamite